A database of severely injured pedestrians was obtained from the Major Trauma Outcome Study (MTOS) conducted by a UK hospital. This database contains 316 injured pedestrians who received over 1200 injuries. Though biased towards severely injured pedestrians (99% received a Maximum Abbreviated Injury Score (MAIS) of 2 or more injuries) a comparison has been made to the UK Stats19 distributions to assess the representativeness of the database. Injuries were coded using AIS 90 and an aspect was assigned to each injury where possible. Statistical analysis of the database has been performed to identify the inter-relationships between injuries in light of the injury criteria specified for the proposed impactor tests. Probabilities of sustaining certain injuries have been calculated depending on the incidence of injuries caused earlier in the impact event. The types of injuries have been closely examined in order to understand the likely injury mechanisms. Conclusions are presented regarding the potential benefits and concerns of complying with the proposed impactor injury criteria through vehicle related pedestrian protection measures.
Abstract