Abstract
The effectiveness of the bus-transit innovations in the Brazilian city of Curitiba, Parana, has attracted considerable attention world-wide. In the United States Phoenix, Arizona, has, like Curitiba, grown quickly, but with the automobile as its primary mode of transportation. The authors explore the implications of applying successes from developing countries to glaring needs in the developed world, as well as the lessons that can provide guidance to meeting the extraordinary transportation and environmental challenges in the developing world.