Trends in modal split show increasing car use and whether it is possible to change this by introducing road pricing is discussed. Human behaviour, especially in relation to modal choice, is explained. The strong individual preference for car use is reinforced by easy parking policies. Whether road pricing may be considered a punitive policy is discussed. This depends on whether human behaviour is determined by existing building and land use structures that restrict freedom of choice. IT is also suggested that building freight structures inaccessible to the railway system should pay for being in the wrong location since they benefit from cheaper land costs. It is suggested that parking pricing is a more effective way of influencing modal split than road pricing.
Abstract