Abstract
The study of human erroneous actions can follow two opposite directions: the search for explanations of accidents and failures that have occured or the prediction of failures that are possible or likely to occur. The two directions were developed by, respectively, error psychology and human reliability analysis (HRA) but from different backgrounds and with insufficient cross-fertilisation. The Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) describes in detail a systematic and itegrative approach for accident analysis as well as HRA, based on the principles of cognitive systems engineering. The book provides the theoretical foundations for CREAM as well as a step-by-step description of how to apply it. (A)