Naysayers assert that the case for global warming has not been made. However, if the majority of scientists are correct, doing nothing now will permit fewer options later. Prudence suggests that realistic alternatives to the current fossil fuel energy usages should be investigated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. A study group attached to the International Panel on Climate Change has identified a "no regrets" initiative which points to activities which at little or no cost to society could lower the emissions in the short term and thus provide more time for development of alternative energy strategies. In New Zealand there is a case for reviewing new seal extensions or continued maintenance of existing seal on low volume rural roads. The author has carried out an exploratory analysis of three theoretical scenarios assuming a twenty year life cycle. This indicates that maintenance and construction techniques could be improved on many rural low trafficked roads, which, while producing appreciable energy savings by not being sealed, would not seriously disbenefit road users. Due to the complexity, variety and scarcity of details surrounding energy data as applied to local roads this paper can provide only a broad perspective to the problem. Further research should follow, but enough has been done to indicate where future efforts to improve energy efficiency should be concentrated. (a)
Abstract