The author considers models for driver behaviour based on skill-based, rule-based and knowledge-based performance levels. A distinction is made between active failures made at the human-system interface and latent failures arising in the organisational and managerial spheres of the system. Three models which coexist in technological systems are described - the person, engineering and organisational models. These are applied to driving behaviour. Pathways followed during accident sequences are outlined. It is concluded that the behaviour of all participants in the transport system, the decision makers and managers as well as individual drivers, should be studied. It will be impossible to eliminate failures but the aim should be to make them more obvious.
Abstract