An assessment was made of the independent effectiveness of primary care interventions to increase the proper use of child safety seats, booster seats, and lap-and-shoulder belts to prevent motor vehicle occupant injuries (MVOIs) and to prevent alcohol-related MVOIs in adolescents and adults. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reviewed evidence on the effectiveness of counseling in primary care about the proper use of child restraints in motor vehicles to prevent injury, as well as evidence on the impact of primary care counseling to prevent alcohol-related MVOIs in adolescents and adults. This included information gathered in the process of making their 1996 recommendation, as well as the accompanying systematic review of English-language articles published through 2005. Current evidence is insufficient to assess the incremental benefits, beyond the efficacy of legislation and community-based interventions, of counseling in the primary care setting to improve rates of proper use of motor vehicle occupant restraints. (I statement) Current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine counseling of all patients in the primary care setting to reduce driving while under the influence of alcohol or riding with drivers who are alcohol-impaired. (I statement). (Author/publisher)
Abstract