Abstract
This paper describes the development of a novel test device in which angular forces are measured (or derived) following off- axis impacts to a helmeted headform, with the ultimate aim of replacing construction requirements by a definitive test. Prototype and second generation rigs are described and evaluated in tests on several types of helmets using a range of impact surfaces. Preliminary tests suggest that the method can differentiate between various shell materials and, with a modified anvil, surface irregularities can also be examined.