Australian road fatalities are currently at their lowest level for many years. It is argued that one reason for this decline is the success of random breath testing (RBT) and random stopping programs in all parts of Australia. Evidence is presented that RBT in New South Wales has been a remarkably successful law with a 36% decline in alcohol-related fatalities which has been sustained for more than 4 years. Survey data support the conclusion that RBT has had a powerful and sustained deterrent impact. The effects of RBT and other legislative initiatives are evaluated in the context of non-legislative countermeasures currently operating or planned in Australia. Countermeasures reviewed include rehabilitation programs for convicted offenders, publicity and education programs, and modifications to the physical and social environments. It is concluded that although a dramatic impact of non-legislative countermeasures cannot yet be demonstrated, they have the potential to bring about a significant reduction in alcohol-related casualties. In particular, the careful analysis of routes to remove key roadside hazards such as poles and trees and the reduction in alcohol consumption through restrictions in availability may prove particularly effective. Given evidence that RBT in New South Wales may be beginning to reinforce moral sanctions against drinking and driving, it is possible that drink-drive educators and those involved in rehabilitation programs in Australia will be faced with more receptive audiences in the future. (A)
Abstract