There is evidence to suggest that the increasing levels of congestion in urban areas is leading to substantial spreading of peak periods as drivers travel either earlier or later to avoid the worst of the congestion. Other travel responses to congestion can also occur, such as modal change, trip re-distribution and trip suppression. Conversely, the provision of additional road capacity in an urban area will enable re-assignment, re-timing of journeys and/or the generation of new trips. This paper reviews some available information on this from the U.K., including recent data collected in Southampton. Japanese Ministry of Construction and OECD/Road Transport Research Programme held the seminar on "future road transport systems and infrastructures in urban areas" in Chiba, Japan on 4th - 6th June 1991 sponsored by the Japanese organizing committee.
Abstract