Enforcement is recognised as an essential element in HOV operation. The role enforcement serves has been well documented in various publications since the mid 1970s. Still, enforcement issues are frequently raised as needing increased awareness among the profession and practitioners. The emergence of HOV facilities in new areas and the creation of regional HOV networks has increased the need to address issues of common interest. The purpose of this white paper is to place perspective on available literature, recent experiences, and issues of concern regarding HOV enforcement. The current state of the practice is examined. Information is provided from selected projects on how enforcement is facilitated. Factors are presented that appear to influence the effectiveness of enforcement. Current issues are examined. Where demonstrations and tests have been conducted to resolve selected issues, these are presented. Areas in need of additional research or testing are highlighted. This paper concludes with some observations and considerations that clarify what has recently been learned and where the role of enforcement appears to be going over the next decade. This conference was conducted by the Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, Municipality of Metropolitan Seattle and Washington State Department of Transportation in co-operation with the Federal Highway Administration and the Urban Mass Transportation Administration. This paper appears in appendix 1 of the conference proceedings; the presentation of this paper appears on pages 41-43.
Abstract