In this paper the different levels of modelling of the Hybrid III dummy family are considered: starting with relatively simple rigid body dummies to fully deformable Finite Element (FE) modules. First tendencies in the development process can be achieved with rigid body dummies. Rigid dummy models with moving spring-connected parts, for example for thorax deformation, give more detailed results about the injuries of the occupant when parts of the car interior penetrate the chest. The best and most detailed results can be achieved with fully deformable FE modules, for instance a thorax model with ribs. The Hybrid III dummy family for frontal impact is under development. Based on the modelling and validation of the individual components modelling and validation of the individual components of the dummies, full models are assembled. The modelling and validation process is presented for some examples, together with comparisons of experimental and numerical results. Standard certification procedures, like drop, impactor and sled tests serve as a tool for the evaluation of the FE models. Here, the close collaboration between those carrying out the experiments and those setting up the models, is essential in steadily improving the models. (A)
Abstract