Three key aspects necessary to ensure a successful project environment are communication, coordination and cooperation (3Cs) between stakeholders. Incorporating these aspects into implementation strategies is paramount to facilitate transportation project delivery and relationships among stakeholders. This report summarizes results from a study on collaborative efforts between transportation agencies and tribal nations within the United States. Several methods were used in this study, including qualitative content analysis, workshops, interviews and a Delphi study. Findings include a list of issues that are encountered on projects affecting tribal communities, and a set of 3Cs practices, which have been utilized to establish a collaborative environment. The study has implications for the transportation community because the singularity of the relationship between federal, state, local and tribal stakeholders significantly affects several aspects of a transportation project delivery, including planning, design, construction, and operations. (Author/publisher). This report may be accessed by Internet users at http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_w171.pdf
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