Abstract
Head and neck injury mechanisms are discussed both from a physiological and neurological standpoint. Both helmeted and unhelmeted head impacts are analysed, and helmet test and evaluation methods are covered. Several papers described accident/injury investigation methods, including a helicopter crash test with instrumented dummies aboard. Injury-preventing hardware is covered; papers include restraint harness slack, "dynamic preload" of the restrained body, testing and evaluation of new shock-absorbing (stroking) helicopter seats, automotive air bag testing, and the use of "webbing tear" shock absorber on a helicopter crew chief's restraint harness.