The purpose of this study is to gather the experience available in the evaluation of environmental encroachment from roads, and to identify a method that is suitable for development and which can also be used for evaluating environmental encroachment with a view to infrastructure planning. The method entails a literature study which is as broad and up to date as possible, and which presents the most extensively evaluated and used methods. The environmental impacts that may be caused by transport include those taken up in the Swedish National Road Administration's calculation guide, such as noise, air pollution, primary severance effects, exploitation effects and secondary barrier effects. For certain of these, such as noise and air pollution, a value has already been calculated and used in estimates. The other effects have been given values which often differ according to the source of the evaluation. Evaluation of environmental impacts may be made in the form of qualitative, quantitative and monetary terms. Qualitative terms refer to assessments made in words, rankings or classifications.
Abstract