This literature study's aim is to find out which neighbourhood characteristics affect traffic generation in residential neighbourhoods. Such knowledge was considered to be one of the necessary elements to establish a typology of residential neighbourhoods. This typology was to be used for an investigation into the consequences of lay-out rearrangement measures upon traffic safety. For this reason traffic generation comprises every period on a public road during which a traffic accident could occur. This concept refers to a wider range of movements than are normally registered in traditional traffic and transportation studies. For example children playing and not making a specific journey are also included. From this study it is evident that the short journeys and/or those on foot form a considerable part of the whole traffic generation. An important conclusion is also that the daily activity pattern is to a high degree fixed because of a number of 'obligatory' activities related to the socio-economic position of the individual, viz work/school, housekeeping, eating and sleeping. Hence also the journey pattern is for a considerable part fixed. The influence of a number of socio-economic characteristics upon the journey pattern can be clearly shown. Spatial characteristics as explanatory variables for the journey pattern have hardly been investigated, and lay-out characteristics not at all.
Abstract