Abstract
Earthquakes are one of the major natural disasters that cause great losses in Japan. An attempt is made to introduce the effects of earthquake damage into life-cycle cost (LCC) analysis. LCC analysis is formulated to consider the social and economic effects resulting from the collapse of structures by earthquakes as well as the minimization of maintenance costs. A stochastic model of structural response is proposed that accounts for the variation caused by the uncertain characteristics of earthquakes. The probability of failure due to earthquake excitation is then calculated on the basis of reliability theory. LCC evaluations are performed not only for a single bridge but also for many bridges forming a road network.