Information and logistics systems are being increasingly applied to the transport sector. This report analyses the impact of new information technologies on the organisation of present-day transport chains and focuses on four major aspects. First, current changes in the transport sector are examined and the importance of information technology explained. Secondly, the structure of logistics systems, their pattern of development and the role of information in terms of modal efficiency and the efficiency of the transport system (complementarity) are discussed. A distinction is made between systems of undertakings providing transport services (railway administration, road haulier, shipowner) and the systems of industrial firms (shippers) and the use of containers is given as an example. Thirdly, the need for standardisation is considered with an analysis being made of some of the structures now adopted in Europe for monitoring and managing data on transport. Systems are classified as those promoted by shippers, by carriers or by a major centre in the logistic chain. Fourthly, consideration is given to a number of scenarios for future patterns of development where a hierarchical network is envisaged and compatibility seen to be essential.
Abstract