A pedestrian flow map developed from manually counted data during 1969 that led to the development of the pedestrian counting device is described. A brief description is given of the counter's development, application, and refinement. The initial studies of pedestrian volumes were made of a downtown employee population, a downtown shopper population, and a mixed population of employees, shoppers, visitors, and residents. The highest daily total at all locations ocurred on Friday, and the highest hourly (usually 15 percent of the weekday total) volume occurred between 12 and 1 p.m. for all 3 station and high at the shopper and mixed stations. General and particular pedestrian volume characteristics that would be considered in design of pedestrian facilities are quantitatively described. The tabulated data represent factoring volumes measured during short periods into comparative volumes. Surveys can be designed to measure the most representative sample; sidewalk closure standards can be established by using Fruin's capacity values and known pedestrian volumes in the same manner that lane closures are established from capacity values and traffic counts. Pedestrian volumes can be measured mechanically because daily and weekly pedestrian volumes recurred in regular patterns. Different types of pedestrian populations have different volume patterns, and the studies indicated the effects of weather and shopping days.
Abstract