In the 'Netherlands 2030' project, the National Planning Agency (RPD) has developed four different perspectives for the spatial development of the Netherlands: `Stedenland', `Parklandschap', `Stromenland', and `Palet'. INRO Centre for Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Development (TNO-INRO) has evaluated these perspectives on their effects on accessibility, mobility, congestion, safety, energy use, and pollution. The effect of different spatial distribution of houses and employment were the central focus in this study. Attention was given to different supply of parking facilities and public transport supply. 'Stedenland' appeared to be the most attractive on all criteria. The differences between the other perspectives were small.
Abstract