Global interest in Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is growing and the concept is gaining the attention of the UK public and private sectors. MaaS offers an opportunity to improve how people and goods move, both from the perspective of the policy maker and for travellers themselves. The Transport Systems Catapult has deined MaaS as using a digital interface to source and manage the provision of a transport related service(s) which meets the mobility requirements of a customer. This deinition seeks to encapsulate the vision of a MaaS Provider offering their customer, any type of travel experience using any type of transport service, public or private. Innovation is expected to lead to new MaaS offers for the consumer; market conditions will shape which are made available. There are two core strengths to the MaaS business model: servitisation, whereby the MaaS Provider creates a value proposition that comprises a ‘bundle’ of different mobility services; and Data Sharing, whereby the MaaS Provider shares data on the mobility needs of customers, to help Transport Operators improve their service. To explore the enablers of MaaS growth, it is necessary to understand the relationships between the many stakeholders, technologies and capabilities that are involved in delivering MaaS. The use of a MaaS reference architecture is a useful starting point for understanding the stakeholder requirements and capabilities; there will be no one MaaS model that ‘its all’. There are several trends that support future MaaS growth. Consumers are increasingly expecting their experiences in transport and other sectors, to be delivered as a ‘service’, and to get more value as a result. Technology change and the opening up of transport datasets has already added signiicant value to travellers. Additionally changes in mobility consumption means greater adoption of new mobility models and this may lead to a move away from car ownership. Evidence that MaaS growth requires policy intervention, may be found in the ‘narrow’ set of features available in current MaaS offerings. For example, although the taxi service apps have gained customers by offering some MaaS features e.g. easier transactions, they have not signiicantly improved multi-modal journeys. There are several reasons for this and barriers have been identiied which may prevent the MaaS ecosystem from reaching its potential in the short-term. As well as the potential beneits of MaaS, there is a risk that growth in MaaS could result in a number of negative consequences. A key question for policy makers is ‘what type of MaaS do they want to see grow?’ Our scenario analysis looked at two potential outcomes that could result from using different interventions. One outcome is the scenario where MaaS Providers offer consumers a service focussed on car vehicle transport e.g. taxi, carshare and rideshare services. The other outcome is a scenario where consumers are offered a fully multi-modal service. The MaaS growth scenarios identiied in this report can be used to map potential pathways to achieving different MaaS outcomes. (Author/publisher)
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