In Germany approximately 12% of all accidents with persons injured and approximately 20% of all material damage accidents are caused by cars in rear end collisions. As a consequence, Bosch is introducing collision avoidance and mitigation systems for rear impact scenarios. Warning, brake support, and autonomous emergency braking are part of Bosch's Advanced EmergencyBraking Systems which address such accidents. This study determines the benefit of these assistance and safety systems and estimates the collision avoidance capability considering the driver's behavior. By analyzing representative accidents with injuries from the GIDAS (German In-Depth AccidentStudy) database, a high potential for collision warning and avoidance systems was determined. For the first time in such a study, this analysis considers the effects of different driver reactions due to warning, braking support, or autonomous braking with respect to the possible driver behavior. For this, a calculation method was developed and used for evaluating theaccidents automatically. Both accident avoidance and average speed reduction was determined for different driver types, warning strategies and applications. From the results, an avoidance ratio of 38% for Predictive Collision Warning up to 72% for Automatic Emergency Braking, of all rear-end accidents can be expected for a realistic driver. Therefore it is estimated that 3 out of 4 accidents with severe injuries could be avoided based on the Emergency Brake Assist function and assuming a 100% installation rate. The potential to reduce collision speed in non avoided accidents is calculated on an average basis and is determined to be between 25% and 55% for the realistic driver. The results in the analyses show the high efficiency of the Bosch AEBS functions in avoiding accidents or mitigating injuries by reducing collision speed and should encourage the introduction of Advanced Emergency Braking Systems across a wide range. The full text of this paper may be found at: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv21/09-0281.pdf For the covering abstract see ITRD E145407.
Abstract