Abstract
This American study was conducted to determine the patterns of abdominal injuries in frontal and side impacts with an emphasis on more recent crashes. In particular, the frequency and severity of trauma were investigated with a focus on the various abdominal organs (for example, spleen and liver). Results indicate that side crashes contribute to a large percentage of injuries to the abdomen. The liver and spleen organs are most vulnerable. Therefore, it may be beneficial to apply concerted efforts to focus on injury biomechanics research and prioritisation activities in these areas of the abdomen. These data may be of benefit to develop anthropomorphic dummies with improved biofidelity.