CLAIMS HAVE BEEN MADE THAT SAFER CARS RESULT IN DRIVERS WHO TAKE MORE RISKS. HOWEVER, THERE ARE TWO BASIC DESIGN CHANGES THAT MAKE CARS SAFER: THE FIRST REDUCES THE LIKELIHOOD OF A CRASH; THE SECOND REDUCES THE CHANCE OF INJURY DURING A CRASH. BECAUSE DESIGN CHANGES THAT REDUCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF A CRASH ALSO OFTEN PROVIDE DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE FEEDBACK, DRIVERS MAY CHANGE THEIR BEHAVIOR, ALTHOUGH THERE IS NO EVIDENCE THAT THE CHANGE OFFSETS THE BENEFITS OF THE INCREASED CRASH AVOIDANCE CAPABILITY. DESIGN CHANGES THAT INCREASE OCCUPANT PROTECTION USUALLY PROVIDE NO DIRECT AND IMMEDIATE FEEDBACK AND, THEREFORE, SHOULD HAVE NO EFFECT ON DRIVING BEHAVIOR. THE DATA ARE CONSISTENT WITH THIS HYPOTHESIS AND CONTRADICT THE HYPOTHESIS OF RISK COMPENSATION.(Author/publisher).
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