The main objective of this study of young drivers was to analyse the differences between learner and experienced drivers in terms of their behaviour and performance in a driving simulator, as well as self-reported measures related to the intention to take (or accept) risks in real traffic. Speed, collision frequency and the monetary gain (or loss) associated with behaviour and performance in the simulator (distance travelled, number and type of infractions and collisions) were analysed for two groups of drivers: (1) 64 young, male, learner drivers (mean age: 16,8 years); and (2) 48 young, male, licensed and experienced drivers (mean age: 21,7 years). These two groups also answered a driving risk questionnaire designed to measure "intention", "attitude", "subjective norm" and "perception". The results show that experienced, young drivers have fewer collisions in the simulator despite their higher speeds. Their monetary gain is also higher. However, the measure of intention indicates that these young, experienced drivers have a greater likelihood of adopting risky behaviours in traffic. These results are interpreted in light of H. Summala's (1987) suggestion that young drivers acquire basic vehicle handling skills relatively quickly which may result in overconfident driving behaviour during a life stage when the motivation to take risks is relatively high. (A)
Abstract