This paper examines the progress and effects of speed camera technology. The camera uses signals from any of several types of vehicle detector to trigger a recording device, such as a still camera or video, and superimpose data related to the offence (speed, time of day and location). This equipment can be used unattended, or with police officers present. The respective advantages and disadvantages of film and video systems are outlined. Such speed enforcement systems require annual calibration and servicing; the annual running cost of a fixed camera site can be as much as 50% of the cost of the original installation. The West London Speed Camera Scheme was initiated by the London Regional Office of the Department of Transport (DTp) in October 1992. Camera sites were selected along the principal approach roads to West London, using the criteria of high incidence of: (1) speed-related accidents; (2) fatal and serious accidents; and (3) single vehicle accidents involving loss of control. Fatal and serious accidents were reduced considerably, both at and between junctions, probably because of speed reductions resulting from the cameras' presence. The paper also outlines various other findings of the Scheme.
Abstract