Experimental evidence obtained by the authors suggests that skilled motorcycle riders are able to exercise independent control over their upper body lean and steer torque inputs to the motorcycle, consistent with the model proposed by Weir. However for less skilled riders there appears to be a strong coupling between lean and steering inputs. In the proposed model of this behaviour the rider controls his upper body lean only, with steer torque inputs occurring simply because of the stiffness maintained in the rider's arms.
Abstract