This chapter describes the reported benefits offered by current motorcycle helmets and by the protective clothing that motorcyclists wear. It begins with a brief discussion of head injury criteria (HIC), for which a simple calculation method and algorithm is outlined. Both linear and rotational impacts on the head in the event of an accident to a motorcyclist are considered. Current helmet deficiencies, as identified by experimental research, are identified, and some ways in which helmets could be improved are outlined. Attention is also given to the differences between open and full-face helmets as reported in accident studies. The standards appropriate to both types of helmet are discussed, together with the need for standards to meet the requirements identified in accident studies and experimental tests. The chapter also brings together available knowledge of the potential for different types of clothing to protect a rider. It identifies some injuries for which good clothing could provide protection, and describes the relevant accident mechanisms. It summarises the properties of clothing needed to provide mechanical injury protection. It considers the discomfort from physiological stress that clothing can cause, because this can increase accident probability. The selection of suitable clothing is outlined.
Abstract