Abstract
195 rear impacts with both front- and rear-seat occupants in the struck car were selected, where at least one occupant sustained permanent disability. There was a significantly higher disability risk for the female rear seat occupant compared with the male driver. Furthermore, a higher risk was found for female rear-seat compared with female front-seat passengers. The disability risk for occupants of the driver's seat was three times higher for females than for males, and four times higher for females in the rear seat. In the future, test methods should consider the risk of whiplash injury both in the front and the rear seat. For the covering abstract see ITRD E121180.