This synthesis will be of interest to transit agency managers, maintenance managers, and other personnel concerned with the operation of bus fleets using alternative fuels to meet national and local requirements related to air quality and energy diversification. Information on the use of methanol, ethanol, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquified petroleum gas (LPG), liquified natural gas (LNG), and other alternatives is included. Many aspects of handling and use of alternative fuels differ from conventional diesel and gasoline fuel used by transit agencies and are not yet covered by regulations, standards, or generally accepted practice. While many agencies have only limited experience with prototype alternative fuel buses, others have demonstrated effective techniques and practices for safe operation of both the buses and the refuelling and maintenance facilities. This report of the Transportation Research Board describes the characteristics of various alternative fuels in use by transit agencies and discusses several aspects of these fuels and handling practices including training procedures, fuel storage and handling, maintenance operations considerations, facility requirements, issues related to the buses, facility and operating costs, and environmental considerations. (A)
Abstract