Abstract
Media campaigns employing incentives or disincentives to promote safety belt use were studied by applying an ABA reversal design at two large naval bases with safety belt use mandates in effect. The base police delivered each type of intervention by issuing warning tickets for the disincentive program or by entering the license plate numbers of vehicles with drivers buckled up in a prize drawing for the incentive program. Males and females increased their safety belt use equivalently during the incentive and disincentive phases; but when the campaigns ended, females showed significantly more response maintenance than males. Cost- effectiveness comparisons are discussed, as well as specific needs for follow- up investigation.