On October 13, 2001, about 2:00 p.m., a 78-passenger school bus carrying 27 high school students and 3 adults (as well as the driver) was traveling westbound through a work zone on U.S. Route 6 in Omaha, Nebraska. As the school bus entered the work zone lane shift at a bridge approach, it encountered a motorcoach traveling eastbound. Although no collision occurred between the two buses, the westbound school bus departed the traveled roadway on the right, struck the W-beam barrier on the approach to the bridge twice, and struck a three-rail barrier between the guardrail and the concrete bridge railing. The bus passed through the remains of the three-rail barrier, rode up onto the bridge's sidewall, and rolled 270 degrees clockwise as it fell about 49 feet. Three students and one adult sustained fatal injuries. The remaining passengers and the bus driver sustained injuries ranging from serious to minor. The National Transportation Safety Board determines that the probable cause of this accident was the failure of the Nebraska Department of Roads to recognize and correct the hazardous condition in the work zone created by the irregular geometry of the roadway, the narrow lane widths, and the speed limit. Contributing to the accident was the bus driver's inability to maintain the bus within the lane due to the perceived or actual threat of a frontal collision with the approaching eastbound motorcoach and the accident bus driver's unfamiliarity with the accident vehicle. Contributing to the severity of the accident was the failure of the traffic barrier system to redirect the accident vehicle. Major safety issues identified in this accident include: (1) effect of highway design, speed, and vehicle handling characteristics upon driver performance: (2) adequacy of work zone safety management; (3) lack of emergency preparedness of students; (4) visibility of emergency signage and exit door levers; and (5) school bus extrication training. As a result of this accident investigation, the National Transportation Safety Board makes recommendations to the Federal Highway Administration, Nebraska Department of Roads, Omaha Fire Department, National Association of State Directors of Pupil Transportation Services, and Thomas Built Buses, Inc.
Abstract