In order to evaluate lateral protection provided for vehicle occupants according to the Composite Test Procedure, it is necessary to have a mathematical modelization of the occupant. Due to the lack of a sufficiently human-like test dummy, this model must be made from data related to the dynamic behaviour of the human being under lateral impact. The European Automobile Manufacturers Association has undertaken a programme of cadaver tests to acquire the data required for modelization of the human being, integrating the role of the arm end the shoulder. 5 static tests with 2 cadavers and 17 dynamic impactor tests with 5 cadavers have been carried out to characterize the lateral responses of the human being. This paper investigates and validates two impact model responses in comparison with the cadaver impactor tests: (1) model with arm and shoulder interposed called "passenger arm positon"; and (2) model without arm and shoulder interposed called "driver arm position".
Abstract