In the context of the rapid transformation of both the legal framework and of socioeconomic conditions of operation, the situation and factors of adaptation for public transport operators are presented. The transition to a market economy is a complex phenomenon in Vietnam. Whereas it corresponds with deregulation in almost all former socialist countries, it is associated in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) with the comeback of collective action led by authorities willing to take under their control a public transport system about to collapse. This paper deals firstly with the evolution, organisation and present situation of organised public transport (transport under public control). The paper then goes on to examine changes, capabilities and adaptation of operators, both at the level of enterprises and drivers. To conclude, the possibilities and constraints of the organisation and modernisation of public transport in HCMC are considered. (A) The English title of the paper is: "Singularity and adaptation of public transport operators in Ho Chi Minh City."
Abstract