Stochastic User Equilibrium (SUE) is one of the most important network equilibriums. SUE can be regarded as Wardrop's equilibrium with route based on random utility models. Watling extended SUE and presented a second order stochastic network equilibrium with stochastic route choice. In his model, route choice is made stochastically based on random utility theory and route flows of each origin destination (OD) pair follow a multinomial distribution. In this study, Watling's model is improved. Stochastic travel demands are incorporated into the model. Each travel demand follows a negative-binomial distribution which is discrete non-negative, and route choice is made stochastically. In this case, the resulting route flows of each OD pair follow a negative-multinomial distribution under negative-binomial distributed demands. A stochastic network equilibrium model under negative binomial-distributed demands is formulated using the logit model. The stochastic network equilibrium model is formulated as a fixed point problem. The model in this study enables us to examine network reliability under uncertain demands. (A) Reprinted with permission from Elsevier. For the covering abstract see ITRD E134766.
Abstract