System dynamics models have not often been applied in transport research, most applications are in the area of industrial policy and fuel and electricity use. Search models and duration models are even more uncommon in transport studies. They have been used in labour economics to study job search and the duration of employment and unemployment. In this paper we develop two classes of models for the formation and dissolution of carpools of Dutch commuters: (1) System dynamics models, which operate at the aggregate level, but which contain several dynamic feedback effects; and (2) search models and duration models on individual data. Both types of models can be used in a stand-alone fashion, to simulate the impact of carpool promotion policies. They will also be integrated with the existing Dutch National Model System to give results by origin-destination combination and to allow for feedback effects due to changes in congestion. The paper contains the specification of the models, calibration results as well as outcomes of simulation runs. (A)
Abstract