This paper documents research into the strategies used by several cities to accomplish transportation demand management (TDM) objectives. Distinct categories of TDM strategies (region wide rideshare agencies, developer requirements, transportation fees, incentive ordinances, transportation management organisations (TMOs), rideshare ordinances, and comprehensive TDM ordinances) are documented. The paper is comprised of a set of case studies organised by community. For each case study, the strategy (or strategies) used is identified; background information on the community and its transportation problems is presented; along with descriptive information including land use, population, number of employees, land-use intensity, recent growth, spread of peak period, and availability of public transit; the TDM strategy is described at length, including its institutional location; and the community's experience to date is assessed. The 10 cities included in the inquiry are Irvine; Pleasanton; Los Angeles; and Sacramento (all in California); Bellevue and Seattle, Washington; Portland, Oregon; Dallas, Texas; Orlando, Florida; and Montgomery County, Maryland. region wide rideshare agencies, developer requirements, TMOs, and employer and developer rideshare ordinances were used most often with success.
Abstract