Signal control and resulting queues have an impact on traffic related emissions. Traditionally signal control related emissions are estimated usingaverage queue length and number of stops. A toolbox will be presented to quantify changes in emissions as a result of different actuated signal control strategies and other intelligent transportation systems (ITS) measures. The microscopic traffic flow simulator VISSIM has been linked to the instantaneous emission model Passenger car and Heavy duty vehicle Emission Model (PHEM). An interface between traffic flow simulation and the adaptiveUrban Traffic Control System MOTION by Siemens has been developed as well. PHEM calculates emissions based on modeled trajectories of each individual vehicle. Intensive calibration of the traffic flow simulation has been conducted to match measured acceleration rates. The measurements considered travel time investigations as well as high fidelity recordings of globalpositioning system (GPS) coordinates. PHEM was also subject of the calibration process since the recorded trajectories were used as driving cycles on a chassis dynamometer. The toolbox has been applied using an urban arterial in Graz. First results indicate that emissions can be reduced by about 5% to 12% depending on pollutant and signal control changes. The simulation environment has proven to be an appropriate tool for detailed emissioncalculations without cost intensive measurements on a chassis dynamometer. Using the toolbox the impact of new engine technologies and different penetration rates on emission rates will be evaluated.
Abstract