The RATP, main transport operator (buses, metro and RER) in the Paris area, has always adjusted its techniques to passenger needs, thus playing a leading role in French industry. Today, passenger expectations, technology and telecommunications have merged in the creation of the contactless Pass. It has been developed in several cities which have grouped together to build a standard, a sort of generic Urban Pass. This product has thus become the common property of a growing number of towns testing or installing it, such as Nice, Amiens, Konstanz, Mantova, Caen, Lisbon, Venice and Paris. In fact, when a passenger uses his pass every day for transport, he or she also wishes to use it for merchandises and services around the transport (electronic purse), and then more generally in the city or in his or her firm (ticketing, electronic purse, identification, security, etc.)
Abstract