Abstract
This chapter starts by describing the recent developments in transport policy in New Zealand, where successive governments have structured a domestic transport system in order to meet the changes in demand and to support the country's competitiveness in the uncertain world trade system The section on Australian transport policy summarizes the roles of the federal and state governments, the impact their jurisdictional responsibilities have on the pace of change in transport, and the potential to develop national transport policy in a federal framework. It is in this latter area that contrast between transport policy formulation in New Zealand and Australia is most marked.