Abstract
Since the early 1970s, Singapore has adopted an integrated approach to tackle the problem of road traffic congestion. A host of measures related to land use planning, transportation infrastructure development, control of road vehicle population, and traffic management systems have been implemented. Many of these measures have resulted in substantial energy savings in addition to many other social, economic and environmental benefits. The paper describes Singapore's transportation energy demand structure, the energy implications of the measures taken, and three specific schemes which have had significant impacts on transportation energy demand. (A)