The purpose of this study was to define factors that contribute to the use or non-use of seat belts. Legislation prescribing compulsory seat belt usage is one of the most important factors. Promotion of the use of seat belts without this legislation is very difficult and time-consuming. So far, the most effective means of promoting voluntary use has been the implementation of incentive programmes. They have shown to increase seat belt use, also under compulsory conditions. In countries with the highest rates of seat belt use, such as Germany, Great Britain and the Scandinavian countries, the best results have been achieved through legislation, making non-use punishable, and through intense information and publicity aigns. Till now most studies focused on the effects of separate measures to improve seat belt use. This study stresses that a whole package of measures, designed as an "optimal mix", offers the best results. The exact contents of this mix depend on the specific target behaviour, as well as on target groups and situations.
Abstract