Abstract
Ideas about the layout of residential areas and urban centres are always changing. After World War II a number of"New towns" were built in England, in which traffic was very much restrained. Western Germany introduced a traffic-free city, and in Scandinavia the SCAFT-guidelines were introduced. In the Netherlands the "woonerf" was developed. Today residential areas are reconstructed and reclassified according to the ideas of woonerven, but modifications are set. "Winkelerven" and "dorpserven" are also introduced.