The development of effective countermeasures to prevent pedestrian and bicyclist crashes is often hindered by State crash files that contain insufficient details about these types of crashes. To remedy this issue, Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Typing was developed to describe the pre-crash actions of the involved parties to better define the sequence of events and precipitating actions leading to crashes between motor vehicles and pedestrians or bicyclists. In 2010, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) adopted parts of a stand-alone crash typing application called Pedestrian and Bicycle Crash Analysis Tool (PBCAT) into its two records-based data collection systems, the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and the National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) General Estimates System (GES). In 2016 the Crash Report Sampling System (CRSS) replaced the legacy NASS-GES. PBCAT was developed by the Federal Highway Administration’s (FHWA) contractor, the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center (UNC-HSRC). In FARS and CRSS, pedestrian and bicycle crash typing is accomplished through a software application referred to as the Ped/Bike Wizard. The wizard is embedded within the electronic data entry system among a larger set of elements collected for non-motorists (see FARS/CRSS Coding and Validation Manual). The wizard is automatically presented when entering data for a non-motorist with a certain person type from the set of seven non-motorist person types collected in FARS and CRSS. The Ped/Bike Wizard application is only presented for the following four person types: • Pedestrian; • Persons on Personal Conveyances; • Bicyclist; • Other Cyclist. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting