The primary mission of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) is to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses. In carrying out its safety mandate, FMCSA develops and enforces data-driven regulations that balance motor carrier safety with efficiency. FMCSA created and maintains the Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS). MCMIS contains information on the safety performance of commercial motor carriers (large trucks and buses) and hazardous materials (HM) carriers subject to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) and Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMRs). This system contains crash, census, inspection, and investigation files created to monitor and develop safety standards for commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) operating in interstate commerce. The crash file includes information on all trucks and buses involved in reportable crashes. The census file includes descriptive information on every motor carrier in MCMIS and is updated weekly. FMCSA analyses motor carrier self-reported MCMIS registration data and applies filters to identify and remove inaccurate entries to avoid over- or under-estimating values. The inspection file contains data from State and Federal inspection actions involving motor carriers operating in the United States. Most of the inspection data included in MCMIS are collected at the roadside by State personnel under the Motor Carrier Safety Assistance Program (MCSAP). The investigation file includes data from warning letters and on-site and off-site investigations and reviews conducted on motor carriers that transport property or passengers in interstate or intrastate commerce. Most of the investigation data is captured onsite during the examination of a motor carrier’s operations by a safety investigator. In 2015, among the 263,610,219 total registered vehicles in the United States, 8,456,302 were single-unit trucks (straight trucks), 2,746,882 were combination trucks (tractor-trailers), and 888,907 were buses. Also in 2015, there were 3,095.4 billion vehicle miles travelled (VMT) by all motor vehicles. Large trucks travelled 279.8 billion of those miles (9.0 percent of the total), and buses travelled 16.2 billion of those miles (0.5 percent of the total). FMCSA regulates all registered commercial motor vehicles (CMVs) that operate interstate or that carry hazardous materials (HM). As of December 2016, 524,058 interstate motor carriers and intrastate HM motor carriers had recent activity operating in the United States: - 272,928 were for-hire carriers; - 200,094 were private carriers; - 46,529 were both for-hire and private carriers; - 4,507 were neither for-hire nor private carriers (e.g., government). FMCSA regulates all drivers involved in interstate commerce or intrastate transportation of HM, as well as all Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) drivers, both interstate and intrastate. Approximately 5.9 million CMV drivers operate in the United States: - 3.7 million operate interstate; - 3.1 million operate interstate and hold CDLs; - 2.2 million operate intrastate; - 900,000 operate intrastate and hold CDLs. (Author/publisher)
Samenvatting