Alcohol and drug use are examined as they affect the high accident rates of young drivers. The classification of drugs is discussed, and patterns of alcohol and drug consumption by young drivers are reviewed. Methodological problems and multiple drug use studies are considered with regard to the effects of drugs on driving. Studies of drugs and driving are reported in several groups of young drivers, including heroin addicts, young criminals, and the general population. Problems associated with marijuana and alcohol in the driver are reviewed, and the difficulties in interpreting various statistics are cited. Studies of drinking patterns and age in relation to accidents are further examined. Countermeasures for young drivers are proposed, such as: limitations on drinking age; alcoholic strength of drinks; location of drinking place; limitations on driving speed; alcohol safety interlock systems; mass media programs; and formal educational programs.
Samenvatting