The work described in this report represents an attempt to characterise and unify the violation (non-compliance) data-bases of a number of disparate research domains. In order to understand non-compliance phenomena more clearly and to shed light on the possible underlying behavioural influences, an attempt has been made to produce a list of Violation Producing Conditions (VPCs) to identify the local generic task features that relate to the initiation of unsafe acts within industrial systems operation. An attempt has then been made to combine the principal components into an overview of both the identified factors and the extent to which some of these can be seen to modify the likelihood of violation behaviour. The research has also attempted to characterise the basic probabilities associated with non-compliance behaviour and, by indicating the likely strength of some failure-inducing influences, it has sought to generate a first-stage assessment tool for use in the workplace. On the basis of the information gathered so far, it is concluded that it might well be possible, in due course, to quantify the likelihood, the variability, and the principal features of a wide range of factors that appear to influence the likelihood of violation behaviour. For example, systematic differences between the sexes in terms of the extent to which they will comply with instructions, requests, rules or expectation have been noted. Strong evidence has been amassed suggesting that the presence of a "model" will influence behaviour to a predictable extent, and that the presence of a group, a person's status or whether a person is judged to be in authority will also influence the behaviour of others, for better or worse, in a systematic fashion. As might be expected, it has also been noted that the perceived likelihood of non-compliance detection appears to influence the likelihood of such behaviour, as does the amount of inconvenience that is associated with maintaining compliant behaviour in the first place. It is believed that this necessarily-brief investigation may provide a basis for further exploration and quantification of violation behaviour, and the possible development, in due course, of a formal technique for the assessment of such behaviour in industrial systems operation. (A)
Samenvatting