Against the background of an always growing traffic volume on the roads and the resulting aim to reduce the number of traffic fatalities continuously, a number of research projects and field studies have been carried out in recent years. As a result of this, legal tests and consumer requirements have been significantly tightened. Consequently, car manufacturers and suppliers are faced with completely new challenges as to the adaptation of occupant restraint systems. Here, so-called "smart" restraint systems gained more and more importance. The US-NCAP requirements for the MY 2010, adopted by NHTSA in 2008, are a new milestone for the improvement of occupantprotection. For the minimization of the total injury risk in frontal impacts, the protection criteria for head (HIC), neck (Nij), and thorax (chestdeflection) are under special consideration. With regard to the new requirements, it seems to be quite challenging to achieve a very good rating infrontal crash tests by standard restraint systems, especially when different dummy sizes and the legal requirements according to FMVSS 208 have to be considered. The present study shall demonstrate which potential adaptive airbag and seat belt technologies can possess. Thus, the performance of different concepts of adaptive airbag techniques, knee bags, double pretensioning systems and adaptive force limiters are compared in terms of critical injury criteria. Finally, a survey is given on how the consequent use of adaptive restraint systems can address the future requirements (law, ratings). The full text of this paper may be found at: http://www-nrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/pdf/esv/esv21/09-0322.pdf For the covering abstract see ITRD E145407.
Samenvatting