The objective of this paper was to demonstrate the improvements in detection and recognition distances using fluorescent roadway delineation and auxiliary ultraviolet (UVA) headlights, and to determine the reduction in crashes needed to recover increased costs of the UVA/fluorescent technology. Field study comparisons with and without UVA headlights were made. Crash types potentially reduced by UVA/fluorescent technology were estimated using annual crash and injury incidence data from the General Estimates System (GES, 1995-1996) and the 1996 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). Crash costs were computed based on body region and threat-to-life injury severity. There were significant improvements in detection and recognition distances for pedestrian scenarios, ranging from 34% to 117%. A 19% reduction in nighttime motor vehicle crashes involving pedestrians or pedal cycles will pay for the additional UVA headlight costs. Alternatively, a 5.5% reduction in all relevant nighttime crashes will pay for the additional costs of UVA headlights and fluorescent highway paint combined. If increased detection and recognition distances resulting from using UVA/fluorescent technology, as shown in this field study, reduce relevant crashes by even small percentages, the benefit cost ratios will still be greater than 2, making this technology very cost-effective and a definite priority for crash reductions. (A)
Samenvatting