Biomechanics and sequelae of impacts to the mid and lower facial region in relation to the road accident situation.

The sequelae following any impact to the mandible depend on the position of the mandible at the time of impact, whether closure occurred as a result of the impact and the magnitude and direction of the impact force. If the mandible is struck by sufficient impact force from below, a variable amount of this force is transmitted to the skull and brain, either directly through the temporomandibular joints, or indirectly in a vertical direction through the teeth and mid- facial skeleton.Resultant force transmission causes different acceleration effects to the brain.